1.1. Tow Truck Driving Terms
ABOUT YOUR EQUIPMENT
1.1. ABOUT YOUR EQUIPMENT
In this lesson you will be learning about the different types of vehicles, towing equipment and rigging that a light-duty operator will use on a day-to-day basis. It is vital that an operator understands what everything on their vehicle is used for before they begin their towing operations.
BASIC TERMS
1.1. BASIC TERMS
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Truck Chassis
A truck chassis refers to the structural framework or undercarriage of a truck or commercial vehicle, which serves as the foundation for the entire vehicle. It provides the necessary support and strength to accommodate various components, including the engine, transmission, suspension system, axles, wheels, and the vehicle’s body or cargo-carrying structure.
The truck chassis is typically designed to carry heavy loads, and its strength and durability are essential for the safe and efficient operation of the vehicle. It plays a critical role in determining the truck’s overall performance, stability, and handling characteristics. Depending on the specific type and configuration of the truck, there can be different types of chassis, such as ladder frames, monocoque structures, or other designs, each tailored to meet the vehicle’s intended purpose and load-carrying capacity.
In summary, a truck chassis is the foundational structure of a truck that supports and integrates all the essential components needed for the vehicle to function, transport cargo, or perform various tasks.
Wrecker
A “wrecker” is a type of tow truck specifically designed for recovering or towing vehicles that are disabled, damaged, or involved in accidents. Wreckers are equipped with specialized towing equipment to safely and efficiently move vehicles that cannot be driven on their own due to mechanical failures, accidents, or other issues.
Wreckers are commonly used by towing companies, law enforcement agencies, and emergency services to clear accident scenes, transport disabled vehicles, and assist with various roadside emergencies. The term “wrecker” is often used interchangeably with “tow truck” but typically refers to tow trucks equipped with the additional features needed for vehicle recovery and towing in challenging situations.
Tilt
Tilt refers to the capability of a tow truck to incline or tilt the bed or platform on which a vehicle is loaded. This feature allows for easier loading and unloading of vehicles, especially those with low ground clearance or vehicles that may be damaged or disabled. Tilt beds are commonly found on flatbed tow trucks and car carriers.
Tilting beds are especially useful when towing vehicles with low ground clearance, such as sports cars, or vehicles that have been involved in accidents and cannot be driven onto the tow truck. The tilting feature allows for a more gradual approach, reducing the risk of further damage to the vehicle during loading and unloading.
Load
The term “load” refers to the vehicle or object that is being towed by a tow truck or other towing vehicle. The load is the item or items that the towing vehicle is responsible for moving or transporting. The load can vary widely and may include:
Passenger Vehicles: This includes cars, trucks, vans, and motorcycles that have broken down, are involved in accidents, or need to be transported for various reasons.
Commercial Vehicles: Tow trucks can also tow larger commercial vehicles like delivery trucks, buses, and even semi-trucks if necessary.
Trailers: Towing may involve trailers, such as boat trailers, utility trailers, or camper trailers, which are attached to the towing vehicle for transport.
Recreational Vehicles (RVs): Tow trucks can transport RVs, motorhomes, and campers.
Specialty Vehicles: Some tow trucks are equipped to handle specialty vehicles, like classic cars, sports cars, or exotic vehicles that require careful handling.
Heavy Equipment: Tow trucks capable of heavy-duty towing can transport construction equipment, bulldozers, excavators, and other heavy machinery.
The term “load” is used to distinguish the item being towed from the towing vehicle itself. It’s important for tow operators to properly secure and balance the load to ensure safe and efficient towing. The method of securing the load can vary depending on the type of vehicle or object being towed and the towing equipment being used, such as straps, chains, or specialized attachments. Properly securing the load is crucial to prevent accidents, damage, or instability during transportation.
Boom
A “boom” refers to an extendable or telescoping arm or beam that is an integral part of a tow truck’s equipment. The boom is used to lift and tow vehicles or other objects, especially in situations where traditional towing methods, like wheel lifts or dollies, may not be suitable.
Booms are commonly found on medium-duty and heavy-duty tow trucks, including wrecker tow trucks, rotator tow trucks, and recovery vehicles. They are essential tools for tow operators when dealing with complex towing and recovery situations, as they provide the necessary lifting capability and flexibility to safely and effectively handle a wide range of vehicles and scenarios.
Under-reach
An “under-reach” refers to a specialized towing attachment or mechanism that extends from the rear of a tow truck, allowing it to safely and securely tow vehicles, especially those with damaged or disabled front wheels. The under-reach is a key component of many types of tow trucks, such as wrecker tow trucks and recovery vehicles. It enables tow operators to safely and efficiently transport vehicles that may otherwise be difficult or impossible to move due to front-end damage or mechanical issues.